Russian Journal of Biological Invasions

2018, issue № 2

CONTENTS

Forage plants of lime leafminer Phyllonorycter issikii (Kumata, 1963) (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) - Ermolaev  I.V.,  Rubleva  E.A.,  Rysin  S.L.,  Ermolaeva  M.V. -This study looks into the analysis of forage plants of lime leafminer Phyllonorycter issikii Kumata, 1963 (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae). The miner undergoes development in 12 species of the genus of Tilia of the Malvaсeae family, i.e. it is a strict oligophage. In so doing, the moth caterpillars damage 6 aboriginal species in the primary range, and 4 aboriginal species and 5 introduced species of the Tilia genus in the secondary range. In Europe the most severe damage the miner inflicts to small-leaved lime T. cordata Mill. For the "Ph. issikii – T. cordata" system, the economic thresholds have been presented. The ability of the miner caterpillars to develop successfully on the leaves of American basswood T. americana L. makes the species potentially dangerous for lime tree plantations in North America.

Robinia pseudoacacia L. (Fabaceae Lindl.) in the South of the Russian Far East - Kolyada   N.A.,   Kolyada   A.S. - Results of the studies on the occurrence of the North American species Robinia pseudoacacia L. (Fabaceae Lindl.), the alien one in the south of the Russian Far East are shown. During 2014–2018 the species was registered in landscaping in 27 inhabited localities of Primorye Territory. It is absent in natural phytocoenosis, but inhabits anthropogenic landscapes. Places of intensive vegetative reproduction of Robinia pseudoacacia are detected. The investigations show potential possibilities of the species for wider spreading.

Polychaetes of Marenzelleria genus (Spionidae) in the South-Eastern Baltic Sea (Russian EEZ) - Kocheshkova   O.V., Ezhova E.E. - The habitation of two closely related polychaete species of Marenzelleria genus is proved in the South-Eastern Baltic Sea with the use of a morphological approach for the first time. M. neglecta lives in the shallow, euthrophic, oligohaline Vistula and Curonian lagoons. M. arctia dwells in relatively deep, mesothrophic and mesohaline marine waters up to the depth of 70–80-meters. Spreading and distribution of the species in the South-Eastern Baltic Sea are described.

The influence of nickel and copper salts on seed germination of native and alien species of Bidens (Asteraceae) from populations of the Upper and Middle Volga - Krylova   E.G. - In laboratory conditions, the influence of nickel and copper salts on the germination of seeds of the native species Bidens tripartita L. and the alien species B. frondosa L. from geographically remoted populations was studied. It is shown that the seeds of the alien species are more resistant to the action of heavy metals than the native seeds. Perhaps this is due to the greater biomass of B. frondosa seedlings, which, along with other indices, indicates a high adaptability of the species to extreme conditions, ensuring its successful spreading. Differences in germination were observed in B. tripartita from populations of the Upper and Middle Volga under the action of nickel and copper in concentrations of 50 mg / l and 1, 50 and 100 mg / l, respectively. The copper was found to have the greatest toxic effect on seed germination at concentration of 50–100 mg / l.

New data on parasitofaune of bream Bbramis brama (Linnaeus, 1758) of the Lower Irtysh (acquired part of the range) - Liberman  E.L.,  Voropaeva  E.L. -The results of a parasitological study of bream Abramis brama (Linnaeus, 1758) from the Lower Irtysh basin are presented. Twelve species of parasites were found: infusoria (2), monogeneans (4), cestodes (1), trematodes (5). Six of them have a direct life cycle, and 6 species develop with a change of hosts. Specific parasites for bream are Gyrodactylus elegans, Dactylogyrus wunderi, D. falcatus and D. zandti. For the first time Dactylogyrus falcatus is recorded in the Ob basin, and D. zandti and D. wunderi in the Lower Irtysh basin. The infestation of bream with metacercariae Opisthorchis felineus is established (the extent of invasion is 55.5%, the abundance index is 2.6).

Bruchidius terrenus (Sharp, 1886) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae), a new invasive species of seed-beetles in the fauna of Russia- Martynov  V.V.,  Gubin  A.I.,  Nikulina  T.V. - Bruchidius terrenus (Sharp, 1886) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) is a new to the fauna of the Crimea and Russia invasive East Palearctic species of seed beetles which was emerged in November 2017 from the seeds of Albizia julibrissin Durazzini, 1772 and A. kalkora (Roxburgh) Prain, 1897, that were collected in the Nikita Botanical Garden. B. terrenus is a monophagous species: larvae develop in the seeds of silk trees (Albizia Durazzini, 1772). The infestation level in the seeds of A. julibrissin and A. kalkora was 45 and 78%, respectively The species is monovoltine, emergence of adults was observed in November-December. The overwintering stage is imago

The invasion history and first findings of Caucasian garden slug Deroceras caucasicum (Simroth, 1901) (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Stylommatophora) in Belarus -Ostrovsky  A.M. -The history of invasion and new data on the record of Caucasian garden slug Deroceras caucasicum in Belarus are analyzed. It is assumed that the penetration of this species into the territory of Belarus occurred by anthropochorous way with the imported planting material.

Phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium circinatum and possiblities of its spreading in Russia by insects -Selikhovkin  A.V., Markowskaja  S.,  Vasaitis  R., Martynov  A.N., Musolin  D.L. -The emergence in Europe of a relatively new agent causing pitch cancer of pine Fusarium circinatum Nirenberg & O’Donnell (teleomorpha Gibberella circinata) is an alarming signal for Russia. In a brief overview we shortly analyze biology of F. circinatum and vectors of its spreading. Open wounds on the bark of branches and trunks of pines are the gates of infection for F. circinatum. The phytopathogen can get into these wounds with droplets of moisture or by air. The infection results in formation of cankers on the trunk and branches, intense resin bleeding and death of the branches. In Russia, this pathogen can emerge and spread in nurseries and among planted pines on the shore of the Black Sea (most likely towards the south-east of Krasnodar). However, it is so far unclear to what extend the local climatic conditions will be suitable for the fungus and whether the species will be competitive enough in a new environment. Insects associated with pines are among the most important factors of F. circinatum spreading. They can directly carry the propagules of the fungus (thus acting as vectors of the pathogen) or cause damage to shoots, branches and trunks of pines, thus creating the gates of infection. After completing its development on a tree infected by this fungus, the adult insect flies to another, possibly healthy tree, carrying the stuck fungus spores on its surface and leaving them on a new tree. In the paper, we briefly review the insects associated with pines (Pinus) and discuss their possible role as vectors of F. circinatum. It is shown that in Russia, there are many insects that can ensure rapid spreading of the pitch cancer caused by F. circinatum if this fungal phytopathogen arrives to Russia.

Mathematical modeling of the main parameters of the North Caspian shelf ecosystem under impuct of biological pollution -Solovjova  N.V.,  Shiganova  T.A.,  Lobkovsky  L.I. -We present the assessment of the change in the shelf ecosystem state under biological pollution basing on mathematical model of the annual cycle of its main pelagic parameters. As an example, the Northern Caspian region was chosen, and the impact of invader Mnemiopsis leidyi on the ecosystem was taken as biological pollution. On the base of calculated previously annual cycle of the main ecosystem pelagic parameters, the decomposition of the model in consideration of a new block responsible for functioning of invader M. leidyi was carried out. The simulations of three specified scenarios of ambient conditions showed the effectiveness of the model for the processes of ecosystem structure changes and predicting of the consequences of aggressive invader presence.

Advanced approaches to visualization of data on alien plant species distribution -Tokhtar V.K. - The article analyzes and summarizes the results of the application and the prospects for using of different approaches to data visualization for different purposes when studying alien plant species. Research experience of alien plant species study indicates that the traditional methods of analysis of the composition and characteristics of their distribution in different regions in many cases are informative only to identify the main trends that reflect global processes of synanthropization of phytobiota. At the same time revealing the latent patterns of migration of plants and naturalization processes require the use of new modern methods.

The most promising approaches for analyzing large volumes of data are multivariate statistics methods. The prospects of these methods are determined by the ability to identify relationships among a wide range of floristic, biological data and characteristics of the environment that can be visualized. They allow us to present different data in the form of diagrams, reflecting the interaction of individual species and of whole groups of alien plants with climatic or environmental variables. These methods provide the opportunity to create a model of the spread of invasive species. They reflect the current statistical distance and the relationship among the different objects of study, which gives us an opportunity to identify the main features of group strategy of colonization of alien species of various natural and/or man-made habitats. These strategies depend, first of all, on the biological characteristics of the species, the level of anthropogenic transformation of the regional flora and environmental parameters.

Mud crab Rhithropanopeus harrisi (Gould, 1841) is a new invasive species in Transdniestria - Philipenko   S.I. -Two individuals of mud crab Rhithropanopeus harrisi (Gould, 1841) caught in March 2016 and September 2017 in Kuchurgan reservoir-cooler of the Moldovan Power Station are the first finding of this alien species in the waters of Moldova and Transdniestria, which naturalized in the brackish waters of Europe and the Black Sea estuaries. The more likely explanation for appearance of found individuals in the Kuchurgan storage reservoir is supposed to be the accidental introduction at a larval stage under pilengas (fish) delivery from the Hadzibeysky liman (firth). The thermal regime and the mineralization of the Kuchurgan storage reservoir will possibly promote the inclusion of the mud crab into the structure of reservoir hydrobiocenose.

Patterns of natural regeneration of alien species of woody plants in Novosibirsk - Chindyaeva  L.N.,  Belanova  A.P.,  Kiseleva  T.I. -For the first time in the territory of the big Siberian city of Novosibirsk in the arboreta, gardens, parks, and residential areas, 91 species of woody plants of different geographical origin, which naturally produce seed and vegetative progeny, have been revealed. It has been established that 44% of species regenerating in the city grow naturally in the area of the Russian Far East and countries of south-eastern Asia, Thirty three percent are of North American origin and 23% of species have European and Eurasian range types. Most of alien species (45%) have vegetative regeneration, 34% of species are self-seeding and 21% of species have seed and vegetative regeneration. By a character of natural regeneration in urban environment, there are three groups of alien species: species that actively regenerate by seed and also have vegetative regeneration and spread over landscape objects and outside them (Acer negundo, Amelanchier spicata, A. alnifolia, Elaeagnus commutata, Euonymus europea, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Prunus pensylvanica, Physocarpus opulifolius, Ulmus laevis and others), species that have vegetative regeneration and increase the area of growth due to formation of clump-clones (Amorpha fruticosa, Menispermum dauricum, Parthenocissus quenquefolia, P. inserta, Rosa rugosa, Rubus odoratus, Symphorycarpos albus, Syringa vulgaris, Swida sericea, Vitis amurensis), and those that regenerate and remain for long in the sites of planting without increase in the area (Acer platanoides, Eleutherococcus senticosu, E. sessiliflorus, Deutzia parviflora, Syringa josikaea, S. wolfii).

New record of aquatic bugs Anisops sardeus sardeus Herrich-Schaeffer, 1849 (Heteroptera, Notonectidae) in water bodies of the South of Russia - Shapovalov  M.I.,  Saprykin  M.A. -In this paper we confirm the habitation of alien species of bug Anisops sardeus sardeus Herrich-Schaeffer, 1849 (Notonectidae) in water bodies of the North-West Caucasus. The species was collected on the territory of the city of Maikop in 2017. This is the third find of this species in the South of Russia and the northernmost one for the territory of Russia.