Russian Journal of Biological Invasions

2021, issue №2

CONTENTS

DISTRIBUTION OF SOSNOVSKY HOGWEED (HERACLEUM SOSNOWSKYI) ON THE SOUTHERN BORDER OF THE SECONDARY RANGE IN THE EUROPEAN PART OF RUSSIA- Arepieva  L.A.,  Arepiev E.I.,  Kazakov  S.G.  - The distribution of the Sosnovsky hogweed on the southern border of the secondary range in the European part of Russia on the example of the Kursk Region is investigated in the work. It is revealed that Sosnovsky hogweed grows mainly in the western part of the Region in the vicinity of places where it was cultivated in fields in the second half of the twentieth century. The analysis of invader occurrence in anthropogenic and natural ecosystems of the Region revealed patterns of distribution that are characteristic of invasive species at initial stages of their secondary range formation: most of the foci are present in anthropogenic and semi-natural habitats; medium-sized foci predominate (from 100 sq. m. to 1 ha); the greatest number of foci was found in the areas located along roads. The intensive distribution of hogweed in settlements of the Region, especially with pronounced depopulation processes, was revealed. Among natural and semi-natural habitats, most of the foci were found along the banks of reservoirs. In forests, hogweed is found mainly in small groups of vegetative rosettes on the outskirts, with the exception of areas with a strong anthropogenic impact, where multiple foci with generative shoots are formed. At present, hogweed is not found on arable land due to the intensive cultivation of agricultural land in the Region. Plant communities with Heracleum sosnowskyi in the Kursk Region are represented by 4 syntaxons: association Urtico dioicae–Heracleetum sosnowskyi, association Rudbeckio laciniatae–Solidaginetum canadensis variant Heracleum sosnowskyi, association Chelidonio–Aceretum negundi variant Heracleum sosnowskyi, derivative community Heracleum sosnowskyi [Agropyretalia intermedio–repentis].

THE MATERIALS TO THE "BLACK BOOK" OF THE FLORA OF THE CRIMEAN PENINSULA - Bagrikova  N.A.,  Skurlatova  M.V.  -The “black list” of the Crimean flora, on the territory of two administrative units – the Republic of the Crimea and the federal city of Sevastopol, is presented. The analysis of the alien species of the Crimean flora was carried out and the most dangerous for ecosystems invasive species of higher plants were identified in accordance with the recommendations for keeping the Black Books. The data on distribution, habitats and invasive status (IS) of 70 species are summarized. Transformers are represented by 9 species with IS 1 (Ailanthus altissima, Bupleurum fruticosum, Elaeagnus angustifolius, Fraxinus ornus, Jacobaea maritima, Opuntia engelmannii subsp. lindheimeri, O. fragilis, O. humifusa, Rhamnus alaternus), they change the appearance of ecosystems. Nineteen alien species actively disperse and naturalize in disturbed semi-natural and natural habitats (with IS 2) and 42 species (with IS 3) are widely distributed in disturbed habitats. The peculiarity and variety of soil and climatic conditions of the peninsula contribute to the introduction of alien species, many of which are invasive only on the territory of the Republic of the Crimea and the city of Sevastopol. This article is a necessary step towards the preparation of the Black Book of the flora of the Crimean Peninsula and the basis for making decision on prevention the economic and environmental damage of the natural biodiversity of the region.

FINDING OF THE BARK BEETLE POLYGRAPHUS PROXIMUS BLANDFORD, 1894 (COLEOPTERA, CURCULIONIDAE: SCOLYTINAE) IN UDMURTIA - Dedyukhin  S.V.,  Titova  -The data on the first finds in the Udmurt Republic (and the East of European Russia as a whole) of a dangerous invasive species of bark beetle of the Far Eastern origin – Polygraphus proximus Blandford, 1894, are presented. The species was discovered in 2019 simultaneously in four districts (Zavyalovsky, Malopurginsky, Kiyasovsky and Sarapulsky) of the central and southern parts of the republic. The established areas damaged by the Polygraphus proximus of forest stands are located both near railway tracks and highways, and in the depths of natural forests in which Siberian fir grows (Abies sibirica Ledeb.), which indicates a long-term hidden invasion of the pest and its adaptation in Udmurtia. Further outbreak of the pest can lead to catastrophic consequences for forests with the participation of fir in the region. In addition, in the stands damaged by the Polygraphus proximus, an increase in the number of local species of longhorn beetles, associated with fir, is possible. In connection with the extreme potential harmfulness of this invader, it is necessary to carry out sanitary and recreational activities in order to localize and eliminate the identified outbreak foci of the pest, as well as to clarify the forest areas occupied by the Polygraphus proximus in the territory of the Udmurt Republic and adjacent regions, with introduction of quarantine and monitoring measures.

MASLOZERO LAKE ECOSYSTEM AND THE RESULTS OF THE RELEASE OF THE SMELT OSMERUS EPERLANUS INTO THE LAKE - Ilmast  N.V.,  Sterligova  O.P.,  Kuchko  Ya.A.,  Sharov  A.N.,  Savosin  E.S.,  Savosin  D.S.  - The results of the study of the Maslozero Lake ecosystem (the White Sea basin) are reported. The lake is small, deep and poorly lotic. Its hydrochemical and hydrobiological indices were studied. The quantitative and structural indices of the state of the lake’s zooplankton and macrozoobenthos are presented for the first time. The lake is an oligo-mesotrophic water body type, as indicated by the nutrient content scale. The lake is inhabited by 14 fish species of 11 families. The perch Perca fluviatilis, the whitefish Coregonus lavaretus, the pike Esox lucius, the roach Rutilus rutilus and the introduced smelt Osmerus eperlanus are most abundant. The introduction of the smelt into Maslozero Lake is appraised. The smelt in the lake has naturalized, is successfully reproducing and has become abundant. Its growth rate is identical to that of the smelt from its parental water body – Ladoga Lake. The food ration of predatory fish (pike, burbot, perch and char) is dominated by smelt as the most abundant and accessible food item available all year round. The lake is used by the local population for economic purposes, recreation, amateur fishing and fish culture.

FIRST FINDING OF WESTERN CONIFER SEED BUG LEPTOGLOSSUS OCCIDENTALIS HEID. (HETEROPTERA, COREIDAE) IN ARMENIA - Kalashian  M.Yu.,  Ghrejyan  T.L.,  Karagyan  G.H. -Data on the first registration of conifer seed bug Leptoglossus occidentalis in Armenia are presented. Penetration of the species from Georgia due to self-dependent expansion or unintentional delivery is presumed.

WOLFFIA ARRHIZA (L.) HORKEL EX WIMM. RECORDS IN THE NOVOSIBIRSK REGION (WEST SIBERIA) – THE FIRST IN ASIAN RUSSIA  - Kipriyanova  L.M.,  Priidak  N.V.,  Kosterin  O.E. - In 2020 the first record of Wolffia arrhiza was registered in Novosibirsk Region (West Siberia) in the floodplain lake. Wolffia arrhiza formed vast stands with an area of hundreds square meters and with high productivity. Besides monodominant communities, it was met as a component of the cenoses of such hydrophytes as Stratiotes aloides, Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, as well as of the helophyte communities formed by Typha latifolia and Eleocharis mamillata. According to local residents, the large stands of Wolffia was observed for some years, thus, most likely, the population winters safely at the latitude of Novosibirsk. The most likely source of Wolffia arrhiza appearance in the lake was a deliberate introduction from the aquarium. Although the probability of this plant entering to the lake from the waste water of the city septic tank of the Novosibirsk sewage waters also exists.

FIRST FINDINGS OF DREISSENA POLYMORPHA (PALLAS, 1771) IN IRIKLINSKY RESERVOIR - Kolozin  V.V.,  Filinova  E.I.,  Meleshin  D.I.   -In July 2019, adults of Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas, 1771) were found at five points of the Iriklinsky Reservoir (the upper reaches of the Ural River, Orenburg Region) for the first time. The veligers found also indicate that the zebra mussel formed a self-reproducing population in the Iriklinsky Reservoir. Penetration of D. polymorpha into the Iriklinsky Reservoir went either due to introduction of invertebrates and fish, or with fishing gear or small boats.

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DYNAMICS OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE MOLIPTERYX FULIGINOSA (UHLER) (HETEROPTERA, COREIDAE) IN THE FAR EAST OF RUSSIA-Markova  T.O.,  Kanyukova E.V., Maslov  M.V.  - The data of more than thirty years of observations of the temporal and spatial distribution of Molipteryx fuliginosa (Uhler, 1860) (Heteroptera, Coreidae) in the east of Russia are generalized. Previously known only from Southeast Asia, in 1998 it was recorded in Russia as new to the fauna. Its current range in the south of the Far East has been clarified, 51 localities of finding have been noted. The introduction of the bug into the local fauna was traced over the years, in connection with the penetration of which there is a danger of the appearance of a new pest of cultivated Rosaceae in the Primorskii Krai and in the south of the Khabarovsk territories. Three stages of the species penetration into the fauna of the south of the Russian Far East have been identified. In 1987–1992 – rare single finds of a species new to the local fauna, 1993–2011 – expansion of the bug's range while maintaining a low number, 2012–2020 – local outbreaks of numbers along with the expansion of the range in our territory.

NEW FINDINGS OF STEPPE SPECIES OF CRICKETS OECANTHUS PELLUCENS (SCOPOLI, 1763) AND MODICOGRYLLUS FRONTALIS (FIEBER, 1844) (ORTHOPTERA, ENSIFERA, GRYLLIDAE) IN BELARUS -Ostrovsky  A.M.  - The data on new for Belarus finds of the steppe species of crickets Oecanthus pellucens (Scopoli, 1763) and Modicogryllus frontalis (Fieber, 1844) is given. The material was collected in August 2019, May and July 2020 in the Bragin district of the Gomel region. Brief information on the current distribution, as well as the characteristics of biology and ecology of each species, is presented.

SPREAD RATE OF ALIEN AMPHIPODS AND MYSIDS IN THE MAIN RIVERS OF BELARUS - Semenchenko  V.P.,  Lipinskaya  T.P.,  Makarenko A.I.  - The spread rates of alien species of Amphipoda and Mysida were calculated for the Dnieper, Pripyat and Neman rivers in the territory of Belarus. The maximal values of spread rate were obtained for Dikerogammarus villosus (in the Pripyat River – 37.8 km/year, in the Dnieper River – 17 km/year) and Dikerogammarus haemobaphes (in the Pripyat River – 53.6 km/year, in the Dnieper River – 17 km/year), while the minimal values of spread rate were calculated for mysids Paramysis lacustris (in the Dnieper River – 0.4 km/year) and Limnomysis benedeni (in the Dnieper River – 0.6 km/year), also for amphipods Chelicorophium robustum (in the Dnieper River – 0.5 km/year) and Echinogammarus trichiatus (in the Dnieper River – 1.3 km/year). The differences in the spread rates of species connected with the time of their first records at the monitoring points and the intensity of economic activities in the studied rivers.

POLYDORA WEBSTERI– A COMMENSAL OF ANADARA KAGOSHIMENSIS IN THE AZOV-BLACK SEA REGION - Syomin  V.L.,  Kolyuchkina  G.A.,  Ptushkin  M.D.  Timofeev  V.A.,  Simakova U.V.  - In January 2020, the presence of polychaete borers in the invader clam Anadara kagoshimensis (Tokunaga, 1906) was noted at the Chushka spit near Port Kavkas. Morphological analysis showed that the polychaetes belong to the species Polydora websteri Hartman in Loosanoff & Engle, 1943, non-indigenous to the Azov-Black Sea basin. This species was first recorded in coastal waters of Romania on carbonate rocks in 1997, followed by findings in 2009 and 2019 in coastal areas of Sevastopol and Lake Donuzlav, correspondingly, in oysters Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793). Polydora websteri has not previously been recorded from the Kerch Strait and the Sea of Azov. Its presence in Anadara kagoshimensis in the Azov-Black Sea region, which is an invasion area for both species, is shown for the first time.

ALIEN SPECIES IN COMMUNITIES OF CLASS FESTUCO-PUCCINELLIETEA SO'O EX VICHEREK 1973 IN SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE - Yuritsyna  N.A.  - The paper provides the results of the studies of the peculiarities of invasions in plant communities of the class Festuco-Puccinellietea So’o ex Vicherek 1973 in the European South-East, where 3 alien species are recorded – Atriplex tatarica L. (Chenopodiaceae Vent.), Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb ex Prantl and Lepidium ruderale L. (Brassicaceae Burnett).